Relativistic Doppler Effect

f^{'} = f \frac{1 - v / c}{1 + v / c}

The relativistic formula for frequency shift due to relative motion. For approaching sources (v negative), frequency increases (blueshift). For receding sources (v positive), frequency decreases (redshift).

Variables

Observed frequency

Source frequency

Relative velocity (positive = receding)

m/s

Speed of light

m/s

Derivation

Combines classical Doppler effect with time dilation from special relativity.

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